Flipped Classroom

Forum discussion of PIDP3250 class
Summarized by Tia and Rhonda

The Flipped Classroom In and Out of Class Picture Credit by Center for Teaching and Learning, U. Texas


Thread 1: What topics work best for the flipped classroom?

Summary:

Subjects that work best with the flipped classroom:

- Culinary Arts, Hairdressing,  Massage Therapy, First Aid for Communities, Emergency Preparedness for Communities, Job Search and Career Planning, Permaculture, AP & Freshman Level Physics and Chemistry, English Literature, Academic ESL ( university and college prep), Child Development (under the Early Childhood Care umbrella), Professional Development (under the Early Childhood Care umbrella), Child Guidance and Health, Safety and Nutrition, Esthetics, Adult Guardianship workshop series, Leadership series, Conflict Resolution classes, Electrical Foundation program, French as a Second Language, Essential Skills, Teaching Tutors how to Teach

In summary, subjects that involve psychomotor skills work well with the flipped classroom as suggested by the above participant’s subject matter expertise. To effectively use a flipped classroom, in-class activity must be done face to face while homework activity (out-of-class) is usually done at home with most common flipped classroom models. Lab techniques, role-playing, case studies, demonstration, games, simulations, experiments, community projects and many more are well suited for the flipped classroom concept.

One common theme that continually came up in this thread was “How do you get your students to do the assigned homework?” A flipped classroom would be not be effective if your students showed up knowing nothing while the instructor started the group activity and learners had no clue what was going on. Evidence-based on-line research shows homework that is required to be handed in the next day would confirm to the instructor the student has done the required homework. It could be formal or informal assessment. Homework assignments based from closed-ended problem solving questions would eliminate any frustration or anxiety. Even a reflective journal assignment would show higher levels of thinking about the subject matter. These low-stakes formative assessment tools can make your flipped classroom a success. Prior to starting the in-class activity, the instructor can use CAT’s such as the Minute Paper or what is the Muddiest Point to assess any misunderstandings of concepts and reiterate any potential errors.


Thread 2: Research to Support the Flipped Classroom.

Summary:

In summary, flipped classrooms are trending in the education world but unfortunately flipped classrooms lack the scholarly research to prove its effectiveness. There are many things to consider about before planning your flipped lesson. Some of the things an instructor needs to consider are:

-Will the learners do their assigned out-of-class homework readings?
- Do the learners have proper functioning computer hardware that can download video content?
- Do the learners have reliable internet service in which they can view the on-line video content?
- Does the instructor have 2-3 hours of extracurricular time outside of their classrooms to create a video for the flipped classroom?
-Does the instructor need to relearn how to make a digital video and will there be a learning curve?
-Will all participants speak their voice in the group activity? Will all learning styles be addressed in the group activity?
- Don’t flip all your classes.

Research Links to Support the Flipped Classroom:

-Silvia shared ASCD.org http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/mar13/vol70/num06/Evidence-on-Flipped-Classrooms-Is-Still-Coming-In.aspx
-Tanya shared Research Network http://researchnetwork.pearson.com/wp-content/uploads/execsummary_flippedlearnig.pdf
-Hongyi shared University of Wisconsin http://www.uwosh.edu/stemlab/flipped-classroom/benefits-of-a-flipped-classroom
-Tanya shared http://panopto.com/blog/7-unique-flipped-classroom-models-right/
-Katrina shared: http://panopto.com/blog/blended-learning-hybrid-learning-flipped-classroom-whats-difference/
-Doug shared http://www.flippedlearning.org/cms/lib07/VA01923112/Centricity/Domain/41/HigherEdWhitePaper%20FINAL.pdf
- Tia shared https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/assessing-student-work/grading-and-feedback/promoting-effective-participation
-Jolene shared http://www.studiesuccesho.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/flipped-classroom-artikel.pdf
-Johnson shared http://www.wxii12.com/news/is-flipped-classroom-the-future/28316724
- Tia shared Blooms taxonomy http://catlintucker.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Blooms-with-notes.png
- Tia shared https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/assessing-student-work/grading-and-feedback/promoting-effective-participation
- Tia shared https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/lecturing-and-presenting/delivery/on-line-activities-and-assessment-flipped-classroom
- Tia shared http://blog.peerinstruction.net/2013/06/20/two-magical-tools-to-get-your-students-to-do-and-learn-from-pre-class-work-in-a-flipped-classroom/
- Tia shared http://neatoday.org/2013/03/29/what-flipped-classrooms-can-and-cant-do-for-education/
- Jolene shared http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199212064.001.0001/acref-9780199212064
- Jolene shared http://www.wastatepta.org/resources/kids_school/dictionary.pdf
- Tia shared  http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/flipping-the-classroom/
- Isabelle shared http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/2010/04/getting-students-to-do-the-reading-pre-class-reading-quizzes-using-blogs/
- Tia shared http://allnurses.com/general-nursing-student/keys-studying-better-840132.html
- Tia shared http://www.scientificpsychic.com/workbook/chapter2.htm


Thread 3: Seven Things You Should Know about Flipped Classrooms

Summary:

1. What is it? The flipped classroom is a pedagogical model in which the typical lecture and homework elements of a course are reversed.
2. How does it work? There is no single model for the flipped classroom – the term is widely used to describe almost any class structure that provides pre-recorded lectures followed by in-class exercise.
3. Who’s doing it? Flipped classrooms are trending. The word flipped classroom is a buzz word and everyday a growing number of higher education individual faculty are flipping their classes.
4. Why is it significant? By allocating more time to in-class activities, instructors have more of an opportunity to detect misunderstandings in concepts. Collaborative projects also fosters social interaction amongst students, allowing them to learn from each other and getting support from their peers.
5. What are the downsides? An effective flip requires careful preparation. Digital video lectures take time to create and there is a learning curve to learn if the instructor is new to creating videos. Students complain about the loss of face-to-face lectures and don’t appreciate the value of the hands-on portion of the flipped classroom. Students may skip class as they feel they only need to watch video content to pass the class. They are missing out on the higher thinking processes that the in-class activity fosters.
6. Where is it going? Technology is moving faster than education. New tools such as powerful mobile devices will put a wider range of rich, educational resources into the hands of students, at times and places that are most convenient for them. These new tools will support the out-of-class portion of flipped classrooms.
7. What are the implications for teaching and learning? The flipped classroom is student centered which puts more of the responsibility for learning on the student. Self-directed learning occurs.

Resources:

360 Education Solutions. Disadvantages of a Flipped Classroom. http://www.360-edu.com/commentary/disadvantages-of-a-flipped-classroom.htm#.VDMeqFec671

All Nurses. Keys to Studying Better Using your Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic Talents. http://allnurses.com/general-nursing-student/keys-studying-better-840132.html

Centre for Teaching and Learning. What is the Flipped Classroom? http://ctl.utexas.edu/teaching/flipping-a-class/what

Family Dictionary Education Terms. http://www.wastatepta.org/resources/kids_school/dictionary.pdf

Henderson, M. Using the Socratic Method in a Flipped Classroom. http://wp.vcu.edu/mehenderson/2013/05/10/using-the-socratic-method-in-a-flipped-classroom/

Characteristics of Flipped Classroom - Image from Mossfreestone.com
Knewton. The Flipped Classroom. http://www.knewton.com/flipped-classroom/

Oxford Reference. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199212064.001.0001/acref-9780199212064

Panopto. Blended Learning, Hybrid Learning, and Flipped Classrooms. What’s the difference? http://panopto.com/blog/blended-learning-hybrid-learning-flipped-classroom-whats-difference/

Ramos, T. Flipped Classrooms are Trending. http://604talesofteaching.wordpress.com/2014/09/30/flipped-classrooms-are-trending/

Scientific Psychic. Anatomy and Structure of Human Sense Organs. http://www.scientificpsychic.com/workbook/chapter2.htm

Seven Things You should Know about Flipped Classrooms, http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7081.pdf

 Teach Thought. 10 Common Misconceptions about the Flipped Classroom. http://www.teachthought.com/trends/10-common-misconceptions-flipped-classroom/

TED: Khan, S. Let’s Use Video to Reinvent Education. http://www.ted.com/talks/salman_khan_let_s_use_video_to_reinvent_education?language=en

The Flipped Classroom https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ojiebVw8O0g

University of Waterloo. Promoting Effective Classroom Participation. https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/assessing-student-work/grading-and-feedback/promoting-effective-participation

University of Waterloo. On-line Activities and Assessment for the Flipped Classroom. https://uwaterloo.ca/centre-for-teaching-excellence/teaching-resources/teaching-tips/lecturing-and-presenting/delivery/on-line-activities-and-assessment-flipped-classroom

Vanderbilt University. Getting your Students to do the Reading. Using Pre-Class Reading Quizzes Using Blogs. http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/2010/04/getting-students-to-do-the-reading-pre-class-reading-quizzes-using-blogs/

Cons of Flipped Classroom
This discussion had some valuable insights into flipped classroom regarding what situations work well. As an instructor in an educational setting I was naïve to the barriers in a corporate and workshop setting that Elaine and Silvia mention. Elaine explains it very well when she posted, “In comparison, in an educational setting where students are paying tuition and choose their courses (for the most part), I find that the flipped classroom is more well received because it allows more time in class for active learning activities and students perceive that as more value for their money paid.”

The cons
  • Unprepared teachers with poor instruction
  • Non-ready students
  • Participants who are in isolated workshops and don’t have a vested interest in the class
  • Having to explain the videos to the students who do not do the prep work
  • Should the pre-work be completed during paid work time in the corporate setting?
  • Learners would watch the required videos or listen to the podcasts or other prep work but not retain any of the information, then show up to the workshop unprepared
  • Lack of technology or technological skills to complete the pre-work
  • Access to technology
  • Ethical concerns with advertising on YouTube
  • Students have difficulty comprehending the material
Combat Techniques
  • Keep videos under seven minutes with no filler
  • Collaborative group activity  during the classroom portion
  • Students having to take notes of the pre class activity
  • For the corporate setting paying the learners for a certain amount of time for the prework and have computers set aside in a training room for participants without a computer at work
  • Relate the technology to the learners job
  • Make prep work mandatory with a grade attached to it such as answering questions about the prep work or the three most interesting points of the lesson
  • Pre-work e-lessons through the employee’s work email account for tracking purposes and do not allow them to attend the workshop if the pre work was not completed
  • Proper prep work and clear expectations and instructions from the instructor


The Links
http://teachonamission.blogspot.ca/2012/10/struggles-with-flipping-classroom.html
http://www.teachthought.com/trends/10-pros-cons-flipped-classroom/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1MKpyVPilI
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/14362735/ns/business-personal_finance/t/new-idea-cut-textbook-costs-sell-ads/#.VCphYhaAmKI
http://www.stratostar.net/blog/five-reasons-against-the-flipped-classroom#.VCo8Fufle3c
http://www.weareteachers.com/blogs/post/2012/12/12/the-flipped-classroom-what-are-the-pros-and-cons-
http://theinnovativeeducator.blogspot.ca/2011/10/five-reasons-im-not-flipping-over.html

Pros of a Flipped Classroom
  • Collaboration
  • Efficient for the instructor
  • Inexpensive for implementation
  • Rich content for the class
  • Promote student centered learning 
  • Parent involvement 
  • Ability for the student to review the material as often as required 
  • Ability to incorporate additional activities in the class (guest speaker, field trips, or group presentations) 
  • Peer teaching 
  • Encourages critical thinking and problem solving 
  • More effective use of class time 
  • Videos are available throughout the course 
  • Stronger student teacher relationship 
  • Students can learn at different speed 
  • Human mind is more receptive to audio-visual learning 
  • Saves instructor from giving the same lecture to various classes 
  • Activities in the class take to a higher level learning 
  • Eases anxiety about upcoming class 
The links
http://www.teachthought.com/trends/10-pros-cons-flipped-classroom/ http://www.universitybusiness.com/article/5-reasons-flipped-classrooms-work http://www.cdtl.nus.edu.sg/brief/v17n1/pdf/CHWangPLinga.pdf · www.facultyfocus.com/articles/instructional-design/the-benefits-of-the-flipped-classroom/

Strategies to Flipping Your Classroom
The Strategies
  • Set up clear expectations before you flip 
  • Don’t try to flip all your lessons 
  • Prepare the students by teaching them to learn 
  • Use other teachers’ videos and test them first 
  • Use short videos (less than 10 minutes or even shorter) 
  • Coordinate videos with classroom activities 
  • Flip the syllabus 
The Technologies
  • Smartphones 
  • Tablets 
  • Epsom projector 
  • Explain Everything 
  • Dropbox 
The Links
  • Flipped Day- Jolene and Rhonda both participated
  • Silvia pointed out that the teacher has brought flipped classroom further into Universal Design for Learning
  • Flipped Learning Blogs- Encouraged participants to blog their success and concerns relating to flipped learning
  • Encourages self-discipline
  • Allows us to review the material before posting to ensure we deliver all of the information
  • New approaches for testing 
    • 1. Simulation in the dental and medical fields
  • Use in conference setting
    • 2. Send an email to the participants ahead of time of supplementary information and directives required
  • Allows for more efficient time in assisting students in specific areas of uncertainty
  • Allows for more advanced students to go ahead and discover learning on their own
  • Keep videos engaging and interesting in order to encourage learners to watch them through to the end
The Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a7NbUIr_iQ
http://www.flippedlearning.org/domain/43
http://www.flippedlearning.org//site/Default.aspx?PageID=54

Internet Sites for Flipped Classroom

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